Heart, Lung, Blood and Sleep Diseases and Disorders in the U.S.
Heart, lung, blood, and sleep disorders affect millions of Americans. Many of these disorders, including heart disease, high blood pressure, asthma, and COPD, disproportionately affect minority groups. Below are statistics on:
- Prevalence and mortality of common heart, lung, blood, and sleep disorders
- Aggregate costs of care
- Healthcare utilization for common heart, lung, and blood conditions
Prevalence of Heart, Lung, Blood, and Sleep Disorders
Heart, lung, blood, and sleep disorders are among the most common and potentially fatal conditions affecting Americans. Although heart disease is the leading cause of death for men and women in the U.S., it is more prevalent in men than women until about age 80, when women with heart disease surpass men. Many chronic heart and lung diseases have a higher prevalence in communities of color, largely due to social determinants of health.
Top Ten Leading Causes and Number of Deaths in the U.S. (2020)
Sources: NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, Mortality, CDC
Prevalence of Cardiovascular, Lung, Blood, and Sleep conditions or disorders in the U.S.
|
Disease or Condition |
Number of Americans affected |
|---|---|
|
Asthma1 |
25,315,000 |
|
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD)2 |
127,900,000 |
|
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)3 |
11,100,000 |
|
Congenital Heart Disease2 |
2,400,000 |
|
Coronary Heart Disease4 |
20,500,000 |
|
Heart Failure4 |
6,700,000 |
|
Hypertension4 |
122,400,000 |
|
Sickle Cell Disease5 |
~100,000 |
|
Short Sleep Duration |
90,838,000 |
Sources: 12020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (link).
2Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—Update 2021 (link); CVD includes persons with one of the following: CHD, heart failure, stroke, and hypertension. Data collection was limited to adults ≥ 20 years old.
32020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS); constitutes 4.4% of the U.S. population ≥ 18 years old.
4National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020; data limited to adults ≥ 20 years old. Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg or said “yes” to taking antihypertensive medication or was told on two occasions of having hypertension.
5Sickle Cell Disease Data & Statistics, CDC (link).
6Sleep and Sleep Disorders Data & Statistics, CDC (link); constitutes 35.2% of the U.S. population ≥ 18 years
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease in the U.S. by Age and Sex
Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020; these data include coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and hypertension.
Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg or said “yes” to taking antihypertensive medication or was told on two occasions of having hypertension.
Related Content: Heart and Vascular Diseases
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults (≥ 20 years old) in the U.S. by Sex and Ethnicity/Race
Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020; these data include coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and hypertension.
Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg or said “yes” to taking antihypertensive medication or was told on two occasions of having hypertension.
Prevalence of Heart Failure in Adults (≥ 20 years old) in the U.S. by Gender and Ethnicity/Race
Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020; these data include coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and hypertension.
Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg or said “yes” to taking antihypertensive medication or was told on two occasions of having hypertension.
Prevalence of Hypertension in Adults (≥ 20 years old) in the U.S. by Sex and Ethnicity/Race
Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020.
Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg or said “yes” to taking hypertension or was told on two occasions of having hypertension.
Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases by ethnicity and race (as % of each population)
|
Disease |
Non-Hispanic Blacks and African Americans |
Non-Hispanic Whites |
Non-Hispanic Asians |
Hispanics or Latinos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
All Cardiovascular Disease (including hypertension) |
59.0% |
47.9% |
44.6% |
44.7% |
|
Cardiovascular Disease (excluding hypertension) |
11.2% |
10.2% |
5.8% |
8.5% |
|
Coronary Heart Disease |
6.3% |
7.5% |
4.5% |
6.4% |
|
Heart Failure |
3.5% |
2.3% |
0.9% |
1.7% |
|
Hypertension |
58.0% |
45.8% |
43.6% |
42.9% |
Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020. Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg or said “yes” to taking hypertension or was told on two occasions of having hypertension.
Related Content: Health Disparities and Inequities
Prevalence of Asthma in the U.S. by Age and Ethnicity/Race
Source: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2020
Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Adults (≥ 18 years old) in the U.S. by Ethnicity/Race
Source: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2020
Prevalence of asthma and COPD by ethnicity and race (as % of the U.S. population)
|
Disease |
Non-Hispanic Blacks and African Americans |
Non-Hispanic Whites |
Non-Hispanic Asians |
Non-Hispanic American Indians or Alaska Natives |
Hispanics or Latinos |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Asthma in children (<18 yrs) |
8.9% |
5.2% |
3.2% |
12.2% |
5.6% |
|
Asthma in adults (>18 yrs) |
10.9% |
8.4% |
4.7% |
14.8% |
7.3% |
|
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (≥ 18 years) |
4.6% |
5.1% |
1.4% |
8.7% |
2.0% |
Sources: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2020
Related Content: Lung Diseases; Health Disparities and Inequities
Economic Burden of Disease Data
Care and treatment for heart and lung disorders cost Americans billions of dollars each year.
2018-19 Health Condition Expenditures: Total Annual Average
Source: Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2018-2019.
2018-19 Healthcare Visits: Total Annual Average Direct Cost by Condition and Type
Source: Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2018-2019.
2018-19 Expenditures: Total Annual Average by Sex and Condition
Source: Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2018-2019.
2018-19 Expenditures: Total Annual Average by Age and Condition
Source: Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2018-2019.
Healthcare Utilization Data
Heart, lung, and blood conditions result in millions of hospitalizations and emergency room visits each year.
Total Number of Hospital Inpatient Discharges for Various Heart, Lung, and Blood Conditions in 2019
Source: HCUPnet, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville,MD.
*Heart failure (I50). Hypertensive heart disease with heart failure (I11.0). Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney disease with heart failure and stage 1 through stage 4 chronic kidney disease, or unspecified chronic kidney disease (I13). Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney disease with heart failure and with stage 5 chronic kidney disease, or end stage renal disease (I13.2). Rheumatic heart failure (I09.81)
Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. For such conditions, ICD-10-CM has a coding convention that requires the underlying condition be sequenced first followed by the manifestation. Wherever such a combination exists there is a "use additional code" note at the etiology code, and a "code first" note at the manifestation code.
These instructional notes indicate the proper sequencing order of the codes, etiology followed by manifestation.
Total Number of Emergency Department Visits for Various Heart, Lung, and Blood Conditions in 2019
*Heart failure (I50). Hypertensive heart disease with heart failure (I11.0). Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney disease with heart failure and stage 1 through stage 4 chronic kidney disease, or unspecified chronic kidney disease (I13.0). Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney disease with heart failure and with stage 5 chronic kidney disease, or end stage renal disease (I13.2). Rheumatic heart failure (I09.81)
Last Updated July 6, 2022