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C. Lifespan
C.3 Geriatrics
Content
Areas
- Physiologic
changes in nutrient metabolism and absorption associated with aging
- Alterations
in nutrient requirements with aging
- Functional
status
- Vitamin
and mineral requirements deficiencies and recommendations
- DETERMINE
Your Nutrition Health Checklist
- Subjective
Global Assessment
- Chronic
diseases
- Malnutrition
- Obesity
and overweight
- Osteoporosis
- Prevention
and lifestyle modification
- Physical
activity
- Medical
nutrition therapy
| After
training, the learner will be able to: |
| Knowledge
Objectives: Medical Students |
- Describe
the physiologic changes associated with aging and the effects
of these changes on nutrient requirements, absorption, and
metabolism.
- Identify
five common risk factors for poor nutritional status in
older individuals.
- List
five pathophysiological conditions common among older individuals
that affect nutritional status.
- Describe
the effects of malnutrition on physiologic function in geriatric
patients.
- Describe
how the process of aging alters the nutritional needs and
the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract of older individuals,
especially the absorption of essential vitamins.
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| Knowledge
Objectives: Residents |
- Compare
and contrast pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches
to managing high blood pressure and diabetes in older patients.
- Given
any one of the four most common aging-related nutritional
conditions, describe the appropriate nutrition management
options.
- Cite
the prevalence of hunger and food insecurity among older
individuals, and identify three locally available food programs
that service this population.
- Outline
a typical medical, social, economic, psychological profile
of an older patient with one of the four most common aging-related
nutritional conditions.
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| Practice
Behavior Skills: Medical Students |
- Take
a thorough medical history and an assessment of functional
status of an older patient, including alcohol use, abuse,
and dependence.
- Conduct
a physical examination of an apparently healthy geriatric
patient, employing instruments such as the “Mini Nutritional
Assessment” (MNA), the “Subjective Global Assessment”
(SGA), and the DETERMINE Your Nutritional Health Checklist.
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| Practice
Behavior Skills: Residents |
- Given
an elderly patient’s medical and dietary history and
functional status, physical examination, laboratory assays
and other diagnostic tests, recognize extant malnutrition,
and plan an appropriate nutrition and exercise intervention.
- Given
an older patient with a nutrition-related health problem,
seek consultation with and refer patients to healthcare
professionals as appropriate.
- Propose,
monitor, and revise as necessary an appropriate plan of
treatment for a geriatric patient with a nutritional deficiency.
- Compare
and contrast the utility of a food-first approach to maintaining
geriatric health and treating disease vs. the use of nutritional
supplements and vitamin/mineral formulas.
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Attitude
Objectives: All Learners
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- Provide
nutritional counseling that is sensitive to the physiologic,
emotional, social, and monetary changes that occur with
aging.
- Demonstrate
a commitment to identify malnutrition in older patients
and to prescribe appropriate nutrition support.
- Demonstrate
a commitment to inquire about the nutritional health of
older patients.
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