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« Factbook Table of
Contents
2. Program Overview
The National Heart Institute (NHI) was established in
1948 through the National Heart Act with a mission to support research and
training in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases
(CVD). Twenty-four years later, through section 413 of the National Heart,
Blood Vessel, Lung, and Blood Act (P.L. 92-423), Congress mandated the
Institute to expand and coordinate its activities in an accelerated attack
against heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases. The renamed National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) expanded its scientific areas of
interest and intensified its efforts related to research on diseases within its
purview. Over the years, the Institute's areas of interest have grown to
encompass genetic, genomic, and proteomic research, systems biology, sleep
disorders, and the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).
The mission of the NHLBI is to provide leadership for
a national program in diseases of the heart, blood vessels, lung, and blood;
sleep disorders; and blood resources management. The Institute:
- Plans, conducts, fosters, and supports an
integrated and coordinated program of basic research, clinical investigations
and trials, observational studies, and demonstration and education projects
related to the causes, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of heart, blood
vessel, lung, and blood diseases and sleep disorders conducted in its own
laboratories and by other scientific institutions and individuals supported by
research grants and contracts.
- Plans and directs research in development and
evaluation of interventions and devices related to the prevention of heart,
lung, and blood diseases and sleep disorders and the treatment and
rehabilitation of patients who suffer from them.
- Conducts research on the clinical use of blood and
all aspects of the management of blood resources.
- Supports career training and development of new and
established researchers in fundamental sciences and clinical disciplines to
enable them to conduct basic and clinical research related to heart, blood
vessel, lung, and blood diseases; sleep disorders; and blood resources through
individual and institutional research training awards and career development
awards.
- Coordinates relevant activities with other research
institutes and all Federal health programs in the above areas, including the
causes of stroke.
- Conducts educational activities, including
development and dissemination of materials for health professionals and the
public in the above areas, with emphasis on prevention.
- Maintains continuing relationships with
institutions and professional associations, and with international, national,
state, and local officials, as well as voluntary agencies and organizations
working in the above areas.
- Oversees management of the WHI.
Each year, the NHLBI assesses progress in the
scientific areas for which it is responsible and updates its goals and
objectives. As new opportunities are identified, the Institute expands and
revises its areas of interest. Throughout the process, the approach used by the
Institute is an orderly sequence of research activities that includes:
- Acquisition of knowledge
- Evaluation of knowledge
- Application of knowledge
- Dissemination of knowledge.
NHLBI Programs
The programs of the NHLBI, as shown in the following
table, are implemented through five extramural units:
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (DCVD)
- Division of Lung Diseases (DLD)
- Division of Blood Diseases and Resources (DBDR)
- Division of Prevention and Population Sciences
(DPPS)
- Division for the Application of Research
Discoveries (DARD)
and one intramural unit:
- Division of Intramural Research (DIR).
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Programs Supported by the
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute |
|
Advanced Technologies and
Surgery Diagnostics Development Emerging
Therapeutics Enabling Technologies Surgery Advances
Atherothrombosis and Coronary
Artery Disease Acute and Chronic Coronary
Syndromes Acute and Silent Ischemia Angina Atherothrombosis
Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Infarction Revascularization
Heart Developmental and
Structural Disease Adult Congenital
Disease Cardiac Immunology and Infection Cardiovascular Development
Heart Transplantation Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease Valvular Heart
Disease
Failure and
Arrhythmias Arrhythmias Heart Failure Myocardial
Protection Resuscitation Sudden Cardiac Death
Vascular Biology and
Hypertension Aneurysms Cerebrovascular Disease
Hypertension Lymphatic Diseases Peripheral Vascular Disease Renal
Vascular Disease Vascular Biology Vascular Development and
Angiogenesis
Airway Biology and
Disease Asthma Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD) and Environmental Lung Diseases Cystic
Fibrosis (CF) Genetics, Genomics, and Biotechnology |
Lung Biology and
Disease Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS) and Tuberculosis (TB) Critical Care and
Acute Lung Injury Developmental Biology and Pediatric Lung
Disease Immunology and Fibrosis Lung Cell and Vascular Biology
National Center on Sleep
Disorders Research Sleep Disorders and Related
Conditions Ventilatory Control
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Blood Diseases and
Resources |
Blood Diseases
Anemias Erythropoiesis Malaria Red Cells Sickle Cell Disease
(SCD) Thalassemia
Thrombosis and
Hemostasis Hematologic Immune Disorders Hemophilia and
Other Bleeding Disorders Hemostasis Immunity and Inflammation
Thrombosis
Transfusion Medicine and
Cellular Therapeutics Hematopoietic Stem Cell
Transplantation Immune Deficiencies, Reconstitution,
Response, and Tolerance Myelodysplasia, Marrow Failure, and
Myeloproliferative Disorders Novel Cellular Therapies for
Repair and Regeneration Stem Cell Biology Transfusion
Medicine Use, Safety, and Availability of Blood and Blood
Components
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Prevention and
Population Sciences |
Clinical Applications and
Prevention Behavioral Medicine Prevention of
Cardiovascular Disorders Obesity Health Outcomes |
Epidemiology
Analytical Resources Field Studies and Clinical Epidemiology Genetic
Epidemiology
Women's Health
Initiative Hormone Therapy Trial Dietary Modification
Trial Calcium and Vitamin D Trial Observational Study Memory
Study
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Application of
Research Discoveries |
Research Translation Branch
Research Translation Research Opportunities
Identification Clinical Guidelines Clinical Support and
Implementation Applications Knowledge Exchange Networks
Enhanced Dissemination and
Utilization Branch Research
Dissemination Research Utilization Data Analysis and Evaluation
Health Communications and Social Marketing Branch
Health Communication
Strategies Social Marketing Media Relations NHLBI
Health Information Center
Clinical Research
Cardiothoracic Surgery Hematology Pulmonary and Vascular Medicine
Translational Medicine
Laboratory Research
Biochemistry and Biophysics Cell Biology and Physiology Genetics
and Development Biology Immunology |
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The extramural divisions use a variety of funding
mechanisms, such as individual research project grants, cooperative agreements,
program project grants, Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grants, Small
Business Technology Transfer (STTR) grants, Specialized Centers of Clinically
Oriented Research (SCCOR) grants, comprehensive center grants, contracts, and
research training and career development programs.
Descriptions of the Divisions follow.
Division of Cardiovascular
Diseases
The DCVD supports research on the causes, diagnosis,
prevention, and treatment of CVD through an integrated program of basic and
clinical research, including translational research, networks, and multicenter
clinical trials. Research funded by the Division is allocated among
investigator- and Institute-initiated grants and contracts in disease areas
such as atherothrombosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction and
ischemia, heart failure, arrhythmia, sudden cardiac death, adult and pediatric
congenital heart disease, cardiovascular complications of diabetes and obesity,
and hypertension. The DCVD fosters biotechnological research in genomics,
proteomics, nanotechnology, imaging, device development, cell- and tissue-based
therapeutics, gene therapy, and the development of advanced technologies,
including technologies for surgery. SCCORs support clinical collaborative
research in cardiac dysfunction and disease; pediatric heart development and
disease; and vascular injury, repair, and remodeling.
The Division is organized into the five Branches and
one Office described below.
Advanced Technologies and Surgery Branch
The Advanced Technologies and Surgery Branch supports
integrated basic and clinical research to develop technologies for the
diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CVD. Research on diagnostics focuses on
proteomic, genomic, and other biomarker technologies and on imaging modalities
and agents. Therapeutics research focuses on tissue-, cell-, and gene-based
therapies; regenerative and reparative medicine; image-guided therapies; and
cardiac and circulatory support and repair devices. Research related to surgery
addresses improved surgical and image-guided therapies and the translation of
cardiovascular surgical advances into clinical practice. Enabling technologies
research includes bioinformatics, computational and systems biology,
bioengineering, nanotechnology, materials research, and personalized
medicine.
Atherothrombosis and Coronary Artery Disease
Branch
The Atherothrombosis and Coronary Artery Disease
Branch supports integrated basic and clinical research on the etiology,
pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of coronary artery disease
and atherothrombosis. Research on coronary artery disease focuses on acute and
chronic coronary syndromes, including myocardial infarction; acute ischemia,
angina, and silent ischemia; and percutaneous and surgical revascularization of
stenotic and restenotic coronary lesions. Atherothrombosis research
investigates atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries and other arterial
beds; lipid fractions and interactions with the arterial wall; lesion
instability, vulnerable plaques, and thrombosis; and biomarker and imaging
diagnostics to quantify plaque and atherosclerosis progression.
Atherothrombosis research also includes studies of diet, exercise, diabetes,
obesity, and other metabolic conditions related to atherothrombosis.
Heart Development and Structural Diseases Branch
The Heart Development and Structural Diseases Branch
supports integrated basic and clinical research on normal and abnormal
cardiovascular development and the etiology, pathogenesis, prevention,
diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric and adult structural heart disease.
Research areas in heart development include normal and abnormal development,
molecular and genetic etiology of cardiovascular malformations, cardiomyogenic
differentiation of stem cells, and geneenvironment interactions in the
development of congenital heart disease. Structural disease research includes
the investigation of congenital heart disease, from embryology through
adulthood, and the associated exercise physiology and neurodevelopmental
outcomes; valve disease; pediatric cardiomyopathy and heart transplantation;
and pediatric cardiac inflammation and infection.
Heart Failure and Arrhythmias Branch
The Heart Failure and Arrhythmias Branch supports
integrated basic and clinical research on normal and abnormal cardiac function
to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of heart failure and
arrhythmias and to protect the myocardium and manage resuscitation. Heart
failure research addresses the pathogenesis and treatment of heart failure and
cardiomyopathies, including the use of devices, medical treatments, and
cell-based therapies. Arrhythmias research investigates the etiology of rare
and common arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and arrhythmogenesis and explores
the genetic and environmental bases of normal cardiac electrical activity.
Myocardium protection research focuses on stunning and hibernation,
ischemic/reperfusion injury, and preconditioning. Resuscitation research
includes the study of whole-body oxygen deprivation; organ preservation; and
cell, tissue, and organ protection during cardiac arrest and traumatic
shock.
Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch
The Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch supports
integrated basic and clinical research on the etiology, pathogenesis,
prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension and vascular diseases.
Vascular biology focuses on the biology of the vascular wall and its role in
hypertension; cerebrovascular, renal, lymphatic, aneurysmal, and peripheral
vascular disease; the development of arteries, veins, lymphatics, and
microcirculation; and angiogenesis. Hypertension research includes the study of
blood pressure regulation including central, renal, and vascular control, and
cerebrovascular disease resulting from high blood pressure.
Office of Research Training and Career
Development
The Office of Research Training and Career Development
provides opportunities for people at a variety of educational levels, from high
school students to academic faculty, to pursue and build careers in
cardiovascular research. It collaborates with the scientific community and
professional organizations to ensure that its programs meet the needs of young
scientists from diverse backgrounds. Activities include institutional and
individual research training programs and fellowships, diversity supplements to
provide mentored experiences with established research scientists, the Pathway
to Independence Program that allows recipients to bridge the gap between a
career development award and a research award, and career development programs
designed for clinical research.
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Division of Lung Diseases
The DLD supports research on the causes, diagnosis,
treatment, and prevention of lung diseases and sleep disorders. Research is
funded through investigator- and Institute-initiated grants and contracts in
disease areas such as asthma, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, COPD, CF,
sleep-disordered breathing, critical care and acute lung injury, developmental
biology and pediatric pulmonary diseases, immunologic and fibrotic pulmonary
disease, rare lung disorders, pulmonary vascular disease, and pulmonary
complications of AIDS and tuberculosis. SCCORs support collaborative studies on
COPD, pulmonary vascular disease, and host factors in chronic lung
diseases.
The Division also supports demonstration and
dissemination projects to transfer basic research and clinical findings to
health care professionals and patients, and training and career development
programs for individuals interested in furthering their professional abilities
in lung diseases research. The DLD, through the National Center on Sleep
Disorders Research, coordinates sleep research activities across the NIH, other
Federal Agencies, and outside organizations.
The Division is organized into the three Branches
described below.
Airway Biology and Disease Branch
The Airway Biology and Disease Branch supports basic
and clinical research and research training in asthma, COPD, CF, and airway
function in health and disease. The Branch supports innovative genetics,
genomics, and biotechnology programs to advance discovery of lung disease risk
factors, mechanisms, and treatment. It also funds applied studies to develop
new methods of lung imaging.
Asthma research investigates the origins,
pathogenesis, and management of asthma, including the role of immunologic and
nonimmunologic events and inflammation in its pathogenesis; the genetics of
asthma and atopy; airway remodeling and repair in asthma; the mechanisms of
severe asthma; and the regulation of mucous hypersecretion and mucous cell
metaplasia. A growing area of interest for the Branch is health education
research and demonstration and education projects for the management of
asthma.
Research on COPD and other diseases of the lung
related to smoking or environmental exposures explores pathogenetic mechanisms
involved in the development and progression of COPD, emphysema, and lung
disease associated with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency; genetic determinants of
lung disease; management of COPD; and properties and health effects of air
pollution. The Branch is also interested in health education research and
demonstration and education projects for COPD management.
Research on CF focuses on the function of the CF
transmembrane conductance regulator and its role in lung disease. Areas of
interest include airway epithelial ion transport, airway surface liquids,
animal and cellular models for CF, signaling pathways in airway cells,
regulation of mucin expression and secretion, development and clinical testing
of treatments, and mechanisms underlying the infectious and inflammatory
aspects of CF lung disease.
Lung Biology and Disease Branch
The Lung Biology and Disease Branch supports basic,
translational, and clinical research, and research training programs in
pulmonary conditions associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS,
acute lung injury and critical care medicine, lung development and pediatric
lung diseases, lung immunobiology and interstitial lung diseases,
lymphangioleiomyomatosis, and lung cell and vascular biology.
AIDS and tuberculosis research focuses on the course
and pulmonary manifestations of HIV infection and tuberculosis, including a
collaborative effort to identify lung complications associated with HIV
infection. The Branch supports the development of tuberculosis curricula for
medical schools.
Research on acute lung injury and critical care
medicine explores the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of acute lung
injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The Branch supports
development of new diagnostic tools for detection of acute lung injury and
development of an artificial lung and oversees clinical studies of therapies
for ARDS, including the ARDS Network.
Research in developmental biology and pediatric
pulmonary diseases investigates the regulation of lung development, growth, and
repair and focuses on pediatric pulmonary diseases in infants and children,
including bronchopulmonary dysplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension of
the newborn. Research also focuses on identification of lung progenitor stem
cells and exploration of lung cell-based therapy.
Research on immunology and fibrosis includes studies
of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, occupational and environmental
lung diseases, and the role of immune response and inflammation in these
diseases. The Branch also supports research on lung immunobiology, lung
transplantation, and pathogenesis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Lung cell and vascular biology research investigates
lung cell biology and function and pulmonary vascular disease, including
pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary embolism diagnosis. Research
focuses on pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells, and
the lung surfactant system. The Branch also includes research on the regulation
of barrier function of pulmonary endothelial cells and regulation of lung
permeability.
National Center on Sleep Disorders Research
The National Center on Sleep Disorders Research
(NCSDR) supports research, health education, and research training related to
sleep-disorder breathing and the fundamental function of sleep and circadian
rhythms. Specific areas of interest include neurobiology of ventilatory
control, respiratory rhythmogenesis, chemosensitivity, basic neurobiology of
sleepwake regulation, circadian-coupled cellular function, and effects of
sleep deprivation. The NCSDR also stewards several forums, including the Sleep
Disorders Research Advisory Board and the Trans-NIH Sleep Research Coordinating
Committee, that facilitate the coordination of sleep research across the NIH
and with other Federal Agencies and outside organizations. The Center
participates in translation of new sleep research findings for dissemination to
health care professionals and the public.
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Division of Blood Diseases and
Resources
The DBDR supports research on the causes, diagnosis,
treatment, and prevention of nonmalignant blood diseases, including anemias,
SCD, and thalassemia; premalignant processes such as myelodysplasia and
myeloproliferative disorders; hemophilia and other abnormalities of hemostasis
and thrombosis; and immune dysfunction. Funding encompasses a broad spectrum of
research ranging from basic biology to medical management of blood diseases.
SCCORs and other specialized centers support collaborative research in
hemostatic and thrombotic diseases, transfusion biology and medicine, SCD, and
cell-based therapy for blood diseases. The Division also has a major
responsibility to improve the adequacy and safety of the Nation's blood supply.
It has a leading role in applying scientific advances in transfusion medicine
and stem cell biology to the development of new cell-based therapies to repair
and regenerate human tissues and organs.
The Division is organized into the three Branches
described below.
Blood Diseases Branch
The Blood Diseases Branch supports research and
research training in blood diseases, including SCD, thalassemia, Fanconi
anemia, Diamond-Blackfan anemia and other aplastic anemias and malaria.
Additionally, it supports outcomes-related research. Research in SCD and
thalassemia focuses on elucidating the etiology and pathophysiology of the
diseases and improving disease treatment and management. Areas of emphasis
include genetics, regulation of hemoglobin synthesis, iron chelation,
development of drugs to increase fetal hemoglobin production, hematopoietic
transplantation, and gene therapy. Basic and translational red cell research
are also areas of interest.
Thrombosis and Hemostasis Branch
The Thrombosis and Hemostasis Branch supports research
and research training in hemostasis, thrombosis, and endothelial cell biology,
including basic research, clinical studies, and technology development. Areas
of interest include hemophilia and von Willebrand disease as well as immune
disorders such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Research on
bleeding disorders focuses on identifying effective treatments. Emerging areas
of interest are gene transfer; clinical proteomics; inflammation and
thrombosis; stroke; coagulation activation; autoimmune disease; and thrombotic
complications of obesity, diabetes, and cancer. The Branch also supports
research on the pathogenesis of arterial and venous thrombosis to improve the
diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of thrombosis in heart attack, stroke, and
peripheral vascular diseases. A major goal is to find additional platelet
inhibitors, anticoagulants, and fibrinolytic agents to treat thrombotic and
thromboembolic disorders with better specificity and fewer side effects than
those currently used for treatment.
Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapeutics
Branch
The Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapeutics
Branch supports research and research training in transfusion medicine, stem
cell biology and disease, hematopoiesis, clinical cellular medicine, and blood
supply adequacy and safety. Research focuses on the use, safety, and
availability of blood and blood components for transfusion and cellular
therapies. Research areas include transmission of disease, noninfectious
complications of transfusions, immunobiology, cell biology and disease, novel
cell-based therapies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and overall
product availability. The Branch develops programs for basic and clinical
research related to normal and abnormal cellular biology and pathology. It also
collaborates with governmental, private sector, and international organizations
to improve the safety and availability of the global supply of blood and blood
components.
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Division of Prevention and
Population Sciences
The DPPS supports and provides leadership for
population- and clinic-based research on the causes, prevention, and clinical
care of cardiovascular, lung, and blood diseases and sleep disorders. Research
includes a broad array of epidemiological studies to describe disease and risk
factor patterns in populations and to identify risk factors for disease;
clinical trials of interventions to prevent disease; studies of genetic,
behavioral, sociocultural, and environmental influences on disease risk and
outcomes; and studies of the application of prevention and treatment strategies
to improve clinical care and public health. The Division also supports training
and career development in these areas of research.
The Division is organized into the four components
described below.
Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch
The Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch
supports, designs, and conducts research and supports training on behavioral,
environmental, clinical, and health care approaches to reduce the occurrence
and consequences of CVD. Prevention research examines the effectiveness of
interventions to slow or halt risk factor or disease development or
progression. Interventions, many of which focus on high-risk individuals and
populations, include medications, behavioral strategies, and environmental
change. Studies to examine lifestyle, nutrition and exercise, psychological and
sociocultural factors, and environmental and genetic influences relevant to
prevention are supported. Also supported is clinical application research to
examine approaches to improve health care delivery and patient outcomes.
Studies include clinical and community trials and observational studies.
Epidemiology Branch
The Epidemiology Branch supports, designs, and
conducts research and supports research training in the epidemiology of
cardiovascular, lung, and blood diseases and sleep disorders. Studies are
conducted to identify temporal trends and population patterns in the
prevalence, incidence, morbidity, and mortality from the diseases and include
single- and multicenter observational epidemiologic studies of development,
progression, and treatment of cardiovascular, lung, and blood diseases and
sleep disorders. Areas of emphasis include environmental, lifestyle,
physiological, and genetic risk factors for disease and risk factor development
including characterization of genegene and geneenvironment
interactions. Large cohorts consisting of minority participants such as
Hispanics and blacks have been assembled to explore health disparities in
minorities. The Branch also distributes data from eligible NHLBI studies to
researchers through a process that adheres to guidelines for the protection of
participant privacy and confidentiality.
Women's Health Initiative Branch
The Women's Health Initiative Branch in collaboration
with the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute of Arthritis
and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), the National Institute on Aging
(NIA), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and
the Office of Research on Womens Health (ORWH), supports clinical trials
and observational studies to improve the understanding of the causes and
prevention of major diseases affecting the health of women. Current studies
focus on CVD, cancer, and fractures. Large multicenter observational studies
seek to identify risk markers for disease or better quantify known markers
using questionnaires, clinical examinations, and laboratory data. The large and
long-term multicenter clinical trials test promising but unproven interventions
such as hormone therapy, diet, and supplements, to prevent major diseases and
evaluate overall effects on health. The Branch has established an
infrastructure to support the use of data and blood samples from the studies by
the scientific community.
The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS), an
ancillary study to the WHI, was designed to test whether hormone therapy
prevents the development and progression of dementia symptoms in postmenopausal
women.
Office of Biostatistics Research
The Office of Biostatistics Research (OBR) provides
statistical expertise to the Institute and performs diverse functions in
planning, designing, implementing, and analyzing NHLBI-sponsored studies. Its
primary responsibility is to provide objective, statistically sound, and
medically relevant solutions to problems. The OBR is expected to provide a new
and valid statistical solution when presented with a problem for which
techniques are not yet available. Its methodological interests concern survival
analysis, longitudinal data analysis, and efficient study designs, including
the monitoring of ongoing clinical studies for efficacy and safety. Recently
the OBR has made contributions to statistical genetics and has extended its
expertise to bioinformatics.
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Division of Intramural
Research
The DIR conducts laboratory and clinical research in
heart, vascular, lung, blood, and kidney diseases and develops technology
related to cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Areas of interest include the
biology of experimental and clinical arteriosclerosis and its manifestations;
pathophysiology of hypertensive vascular disease; functions of the lung;
clinical and experimental studies on physiologic and pharmacologic aspects of
heart, lung, and blood diseases; and a broad program of other basic research
and technical developments related to them.
The DIR is organized into the four Centers and three
Branches described below:
Biochemistry and Biophysics Center
The Biochemistry and Biophysics Center develops a
global view of the molecular basis of structure-function relationships of
proteins and biologically relevant molecules. It performs state-of-the-art
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies of protein structure and
functional interactions, develops mathematical tools for generating theoretical
models of protein structure-function relationships, elucidates the
mechanisms of enzyme function, and investigates the relationship between
protein structure-function and cell signaling pathways.
Cell Biology and Physiology Center
The Cell Biology and Physiology Center develops a
global view of the mechanisms that regulate cellular function and physiology.
It evaluates the mechanisms that control different molecular machines within
the cytosol, including those involved in muscle contraction and cytosolic and
membrane transport processes. The Center studies cellular signaling events
associated with hormone action, cytosolic trafficking, and energy metabolism;
investigates the role of cellular processes on function and adaptation in
whole-animal model systems; and develops unique measuring devices for studying
biochemical and physiological processes in intact cells, whole animals, and
clinical situations.
Genetics and Development Biology Center
The Genetics and Development Biology Center develops a
global view of the mechanisms that regulate cardiovascular development and the
etiology of congenital heart anomalies and CVD. It evaluates the function of
specific genes and transcription factors in the development of the heart and
other tissues, develops techniques and approaches for gene delivery and gene
therapy in model systems, and works toward a better understanding of basic
processes involved in regulating and interpreting the genetic code in
development and disease.
Immunology Center
The Immunology Center develops a global view of the
molecular basis of immune processes. It studies the intracellular and signaling
processes involved in the activation of lymphocytes and mast cells,
investigates the mechanisms by which drugs and other agents result in
allergic-autoimmune reactions, and relates the results to the development
of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in humans.
Translational Medicine Branch
The Translational Medicine Branch conducts biomedical
research directed at defining at the molecular level, normal and abnormal
biologic function. It develops diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for the
treatment and understanding of CVD and implements mechanism-based clinical
studies centered on innovative discoveries and observations from inside and
outside the Branch.
Hematology Branch
The Hematology Branch conducts basic and clinical
research on normal and abnormal hematopoiesis. Areas of interest include bone
marrow failure, viral infections of hematopoietic cells, gene therapy of
hematologic and malignant diseases, bone marrow transplantation, and mechanisms
of immunologically mediated syndromes such as graft-versus-host disease and
autoimmune diseases.
Pulmonary and Vascular Medicine Branch
The Pulmonary and Vascular Medicine Branch conducts
research on the lung, heart, and systemic vasculature directed at
definingat the molecular, biochemical, and functional levelsnormal
physiological function and novel mechanisms of disease. It conducts research on
emerging diseases of the lung characterized by unknown etiology and molecular
pathogenesis. Areas of interest include lung diseases in blacks such as sickle
cell lung disease and sarcoidosis; the role of nitric oxide, nitrite, gender,
preconditioning, and mitochondrial function on the modulation of ischemia and
reperfusion injury of the heart and lung; and translational study and drug
development for therapeutic modulation of vascular, pulmonary, and cardiac
cellular and molecular dysfunction in diseases of the lung and heart.
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Division for the Application of
Research Discoveries
The DARD supports national and international research
translation, dissemination, and utilization programs to speed the application
of scientific advances in prevention, detection, and treatment of
cardiovascular, lung, and blood diseases and to shorten the time between the
discovery and delivery of research advances. Through knowledge networks,
education programs, community outreach, conferences, and symposia, the Division
provides opportunities for multidirectional communication and collaboration
among researchers, clinical and public health practitioners, patients, and the
general public. It connects research and practice by identifying knowledge gaps
that should be addressed by future research; synthesizing and organizing
evidence related to priority diseases and conditions; facilitating
knowledge-sharing and collaboration with key stakeholders; and reaching out to
people in high risk, low-income, and minority communities to eliminate health
disparities.
The Division is organized into the three Branches
described below.
Research Translation Branch
The Research Translation Branch synthesizes and
organizes new scientific evidence related to priority diseases and conditions
to facilitate rapid translation of research findings. It identifies knowledge
gaps to inform future research directions and promotes the use of
evidence-based reviews. The Branch develops or facilitates the development of
clinical guidelines with relevant stakeholders. It also develops innovative
implementation approaches for use in clinical and public health practice;
maximizes opportunities for researchers and users of research to discuss
research applicability, relevance, and utility; and addresses future research
needs through knowledge networks and other strategies.
Enhanced Dissemination and Utilization Branch
The Enhanced Dissemination and Utilization Branch
collects, synthesizes, and communicates new knowledge and recommendations for
the dissemination and utilization of research-based findings to diverse target
audiences, including minority and underserved groups. It provides technical
assistance and information resources to NHLBI grantees to enhance their
dissemination plans and practices. The Branch accelerates the introduction of
evidence-based tools and education programs into community practice and
establishes community-based Enhanced Dissemination and Utilization Centers to
apply the latest research advances and evaluate their effects in multiple
settings, achieve the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Healthy People 2010 goals, and eliminate health disparities.
Health Communications and Social Marketing
Branch
The Health Communications and Social Marketing Branch
uses the latest health and consumer communications and behavioral and social
marketing research to plan health communications strategies and develops
consumer messages and public education campaigns. It operates the NHLBI Health
Information Center to respond to professional and public inquiries.
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